The use of pesticides and their potential adverse health effects is of public concern, which has become significantly more emphasised with the
implementation of the European Union Directive 2009/128/EC on the Sustainable Use of Pesticides. A pilot occupational biomonitoring (BM) study, evaluating
glyphosate exposure, employing spot urine sampling, was conducted in 2015 among amenity horticulturists. Study results suggested that there is potential for
exposure among this occupational group warranting further investigation (post-task exposure concentrations GM(GSD) 0.66(1.11) μg L-1 glyphosate). Aim of this study: To evaluate total glyphosate exposure among amenity horticulturists using 24 hour (24 hr) BM sampling and the contribution of the different
exposure pathways involved using dermal and inadvertent ingestion exposure sampling.